Everything about Intrinsic Semiconductor totally explained
An
intrinsic semiconductor, also called an
undoped semiconductor or
i-type semiconductor, is a pure
semiconductor without any significant
dopant species present. The number of
charge carriers is therefore determined by the properties of the material itself instead of the amount of impurities. In intrinsic semiconductors the number of excited
electrons and the number of
holes are equal: n = p.
The conductivity of intrinsic semiconductors can be due to crystal defects or to thermal excitation. In an intrinsic semiconductor the number of
electrons in the
conduction band is equal to the number of holes in the
valence band. An example is
Hg0.8Cd0.2>Te at room temperature.
An indirect gap intrinsic semiconductor is one where the maximum energy of the valence band occurs at a different k (k-space wave vector) than the minimum energy of the conduction band. Examples include
Silicon and
Germanium.
A direct gap intrinsic semiconductor is one where the maximum energy of the valence band occurs at the same k as the minimum energy of the conduction band. Examples include
Gallium arsenide.
A layer of i-type semiconductor is used in
PIN diodes.
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